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The mezzotint
Joop Vegter
The word illezzotint (Italian mezza tinta, "halftone") is used to indicate a graphic technique as well as the print produced by it.
In comparison witli other graphic techniques such as woodcut, etching, lithograph and silkscreen, mezzotint is rarely practised, probably because it is an extrenlely laborious and tillie-consuming technique.
Mezzotint was invented by Ludwig von Siegen (born near Cologne in 1609). Around 1640 he stayed in Amsterdam for some time, where he made his first mezzotint in 1642.
His invention was the roughening of the surface of a copper plate with a 'roulette': this is an instrument with a small wheel covered with sharp points or ridges (see fig. 1).
By rolling this wheel across the copper plate with some pressure, small pits and burrs are thrown up in the copper plate.
Variation in the pressure causes the pits to become deeper or less so.
The result in the print is grey tones ranging from white to black.
By flattening the pits and burrs slightly in certain places, so that they held less ink and left a lighter impression, Ludwig von Siegen managed to give his print a great variety of grey tones blending with each other.
Von Siegen stayed in Amsterdam for several years at the time when Rembrandt lived there, and he may well have known Rembrandt's work.
His first mezzotint from 1642 was the portrait of Countess Amalia Elizabeth of Hesse-Kassel, widow of William V of Hesse-Kassel.
Ludwig von Siegen, himself an officer, had been appointed by her as her chamber esquire.
It is believed that Ludwig von Siegen met Prince Rupert of the Palatine in Brussels in 1654.
The latter was the son of Frederick V and Elizabeth Stuart, king and queen of Bohemia during the winter of 1619-1620.
After her husband's early death Elizabeth - 'the winter queen' - lived in exile in the Netherlands for 40 years.
From his mother's side Prince Rupert was a nephew of Charles Il of England.
It is Ludwig von Siegen who must have taught Prince Rupert the mezzotint technique. In 1658 his first mezzotint "The Great Executioner" appeared, which he made with the assistance of the French graphic artist Wallerant Vaillant after a painting by the Spanish painter De Ribera.
In 1660 Prince Rupert returned to England and introduced the mezzotint, which became a highly popular technique there.
The Dutch graphic artist Abraham Blooteling is credited with having invented the 'rocker' about 1675, although there is evidence that Ludwig von Siegen, too, may already have used the rocker.
The rocker is an instrument which is still used nowadays to make pits and burrs in the copper plate.
Mezzotint was highly suited for making reproductions of paintings and has been applied for that purpose almost exclusively.
There are two heydays: the first one was in the Netherlands in the last quarter of the 17th century with artists like Abraham Blooteling, Jan and Paul van Somer, Jan and Nicolaas Verkolje and Gerard Valk.
The second heyday is the great period of mezzotint: the 18th century in England, featuring important mezzotinters like John Raphael Smith, Richard Earlom, Valentin Green, William Pether, to name just a few.
After the middle of the 19th century the mezzotint technique fell into almost total disuse for making reproductions of paintings, due to the rise of the lithograph and of photographic reproduction techniques in particular.
In the past two or three decades, roughly from 1960/70, interest in mezzotint has been on the increase again world-wide, not only among a number of graphic artists, but also among collectors.
Nowadays mezzotint is used exclusively by artists to make their own, original graphic work.
The process of making a mezzotint can be divided into three stages:
- the preparation of the copper plate
- creating the image on the plate
- printing the plate.
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LIJST VAN ILLUSTRATIES
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
1 |
ei met veertje |
1974 |
10 |
kroes |
1977 |
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2 |
eierdop |
1974 |
11 |
receptie |
1977 |
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3 |
bloemkool |
1975 |
12 |
glazen en knikkers |
1977 |
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4 |
zwarte kat in doos |
1975 |
13 |
knikker |
1977 |
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5 |
fles met bekers |
1975 |
14 |
tennisballen op grind |
1978 |
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6 |
papieren bootje |
1975 |
15 |
schelpje |
1978 |
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7 |
ei met lepeltje |
1975 |
16 |
twee peren |
1978 |
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8 |
uien |
1976 |
17 |
rij bomen in zomer |
1979 |
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9 |
tennisballen |
1977 |
18 |
poes op pakpapier |
1979 |
• • •
19 |
knoflook met radijsjes |
1979 |
29 |
slakkenhuis |
1981 |
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20 |
Vier mokken |
1980 |
30 |
Tommy |
1981 |
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21 |
plastic bekers |
1980 |
31 |
komkommers |
1982 |
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22 |
twee steentjes |
1980 |
32 |
drie kersen |
1982 |
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23 |
framboos |
1980 |
33 |
doorgesneden tomaten |
1982 |
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24 |
citroen |
1980 |
34 |
gras bij nacht |
1982 |
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25 |
negen radijsjes |
1980 |
35 |
oog |
1982 |
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26 |
schuur van de buren |
1980 |
36 |
perzik |
1982 |
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27 |
golfbal |
1981 |
37 |
witte klaver |
1982 |
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28 |
ping pong ballen |
1981 |
38 |
aardbei |
1982 |
• • •
39 |
schelpje 2 |
1983 |
48 |
beukenootje beech-nut size 4,8 x 4,8 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1983 edition 75 |
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40 |
geschilde appel |
1983 |
49 |
twee halve peren two half pears size 9,6 x 9,6 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1984 edition 75 |
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41 |
partjes sinaasappel op handdoek |
1983 |
50 |
frambozen in kom |
1984 edition 75 |
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42 |
kruisbessen |
1983 |
51 |
dauwdruppel aan gras dewdrop on grass size 4,8 x 4,8 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors based on a haiku by J. van Tooren Red Ink Award, Pratt Graphics, New York 10th International Miniature Print Competition, 1985 |
1984 edition 75 |
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43 |
kruisbes |
1983 |
52 |
klaproos |
1984 edition 75 |
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44 |
citroenen op tafel |
1983 |
53 |
kommen en kroes in schemering bowls and mug in twilight size 9,7 x 9,7 cm printed from 2 plates in 2 colors based on a haiku of Bashö made for the project "Pennen en Penselen" (Pens and Brushes) |
1984 edition 75 |
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45 |
glas water met citroenen |
1983 |
54 | herderstasje shepherdpurse size 4,8 x 4,7 cm printed from 2 plates in 2 colors made for the project "Pennen en Penselen" (Pens and Brushes) |
1984 edition 75 |
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46 |
"Japie" op een stoel |
1983 edition 75 |
55 |
kersen en perziken |
1985 edition 60 |
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47 | drie tomaten three tomatoes size 9,7 x 9,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1983 edition 75 |
56 | "Japie" op rode tafel "Japie"on a red table size 24,4 x 19,6 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1986 edition 75 |
• • •
57 | tulp "Amerikaanse Vlag" Dutch tulip "American Flag" size 9,6 x 9,6 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1986 edition 75 |
67 | kiwi's en radijs kiwis and radish size 9,5 x 9,5 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1987 edition 100 |
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58 | chionodoxa tussen grind chionodoxa between pebbles size 4,8 x 4,8 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1986 edition 100 |
68 | niet storen s.v.p. do not disturb size 9,6 x 9,4 cm printed from 1 plate |
1987 edition 75
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59 | een beetje wijn a little bit of wine size 9,8 x 9,8 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1986 edition 100 |
69 | herfst fall size 4,5 x 4,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1987 edtion 75 |
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60 | regendruppel op blaadje raindrop on a small leaf size 1,9 x 1,9 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1986 edition 75 |
70 | de "Glass Veranda" knikker the "Glass Veranda" marble size 4,6 x 4,6 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors 1st prize (ex aequo) Mini Print Internacional 1988 Cadaques, Spain |
1988 edition 75 |
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61 | het groene glas the green glass size 19,6 x 19,5 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1986 edition 75 |
71 | kersenbloesem cherry blossom size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1988 edition 75 |
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62 | druppel en knikker marble and waterdrop size 4,9 x 4,8 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors 1st prize first British International Miniature Print Competition |
1986 edition 75 |
72 | 19e eeuws handwerkgerei met meetlint 19th c. things for needlework with tape measure size 9,6 x 9,6 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1988 edition 75 |
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63 | appels apples size 24,4 x 19,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1987 edition 75 |
73 | maasbal en kluwenhouder 19e eeuw 19th century darningball and clew holder size 9,6 x 9,6 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1988 edition 75 |
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64 | Sylvia's Cola size 19,5 x 19,6 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1987 edition 75 |
74 | akelei columbine size 9,5 x 9,4 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors by commission of the "Province of Utrecht" |
1988 edition 100 |
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65 | de witte en de blauwe kroes the white and the blue mug size 9,6 x 9,6 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1987 edition 75 |
75 | kom met ei bowl with egg size 9,6 x 9,5 cm printed from 3 plates in 4 colors |
1988 edition 75 |
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66 | viooltje pansy size 4,5 x 4,5 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors edition |
1987 edition 75 |
76 | uit de zee from the sea size 24,5 x 19,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1989 edition 75 |
• • •
77 | kastanje chesnut size 4,5 x 4,5 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1989 edition 100 |
87 | Paprika's size 19,5 x 19,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 cilors |
1991 edition 100 |
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78 | blauw flesje small blue bottle size 19,5 x 19,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1990 edition 75 |
88 | mosselschelpen mussel shells size 9,7 x 9,7 cm printed from 5 plates in 5 colors |
1991 edition 75 |
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79 | neerdwarrelend veertje descending feather size 9,5 x 9,5 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1990 edition 100 |
89 | perzik en peer peach and pear size 9,6 x 9,6 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1991 edtion 75 |
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80 |
colorbanded snail shell |
1990 edition 75 |
90 | klosje rood garen reel with red yarn size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors edition |
1991 edition 75 |
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81 | peren en framboos pears and raspberry size 19,6 x 19,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 5 colors edition |
1990 edition 75 |
91 | schelp en knikker shell and marble size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1991 edition 100 |
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82 | twee madeliefjes two daisies size 9,6 x 9,6 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1990 edtion 100 |
92 | lucht, land en water te Doorn air, land and water at Doorn size 24,4 x 19,6 printed from 3 plates in 3 colors by commission of the city of Doorn: this mezzotint is part of the environment conservation award of the city of Doorn |
1992 edtion 50 |
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83 | vallende kastanje falling chestnut size 9,7 X 9,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1990 edition 100 |
93 | zomernacht summernight size 19,6 x 19,6 printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1992 edition 100 |
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84 | partje manderijn part of mandarin size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1990 edtion 75 |
94 | druif met takje size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors by commission of the "Kamerbeek" company at Amersfoort |
1992 edtion 200 |
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85 | teddy beer teddy bear size 9,7 x 9,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors made for private use |
1991 edtion 75 |
95 | aankomst van een blad arrival of a leaf size 24,5 x 19,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1992 edtion 100 |
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86 | wind en wijn wind and wine size 24,6 x 19,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1991 edtion 75 |
96 | blauwe schelp blue shell size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1992 edtion 100 |
• • •
97 | beertje little bear size 9,8 x 9,8 cm printed from plates in colors made for privat use |
1992 edition 100 |
107 | schelp in kistje shell in a wooden box size 9,7 x 9,8 cm printed from 1 plate in black |
1994 edition 100 |
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98 | appels in vergiet appels in a colander size 19,7 x 24,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1993 edition 100 |
108 | appel bij Sterkenburg apples near Sterkenburg size 19,5 x 14,6 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors by commision of the province of Utrecht |
1995 edition 50 |
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99 | noten. balk. kruis-bes size 9,7 x 9,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors by commission of "Concert in Cothen" |
1993 edition 100 |
109 | drie druiven three grapes size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1995 edtion 100 |
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100 |
aalbessen |
1993 edition 100 |
110 | slaappillen sleeping pills size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1995 edition 100 |
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101 | radix medicinae oris size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors by commision of "Het Nederlandsch Tandheelkundig Genootschap" (Dutch Dental Society) |
1994 edition 100 |
111 | op recept with a prescription size 9,6 x 9,6 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1996 edition 100 |
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102 | twee honden two dogs size 24,5 x 19,6 cm printed from 3 plates in 4 colors |
1994 edition 100 |
112 | ontdekking van de wereld discovery of the world size 9,7 x 9,6 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors for the portfolio of the Haagse Ets Club |
1996 edtion 75 |
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103 | watertoren watertower size 24,6 x 19,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 5 colors this mezzotint is an alternated form of nr. 92 |
1994 edition 100 |
113 | peren en stopflesje pears and glass jar size 24,6 x 19,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1996 edition 100 |
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104 | oud veertje old feather size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1994 edition 100 |
114 | blauw flesje bronwater blue bottle springwater size 24,5 x 19,6 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1996 edtion 100 |
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105 | sinaasappelen in mand oranges in basket size 24,6 x 19,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 5 colors |
1994 edition 100 |
115 | japanse kommen japanese bowls size 19,6 x 19,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1996 edtion 100 |
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106 | mineraalwater mineralwater size 9,7 x 9,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors by commision of the "Federatie Kunstuitleen" at The Hague |
1994 edition 60 |
116 | lampionnetjes small lanterns size 4,6 x 4,7 cm printed from 4 plates in 4 colors |
1996 edtion 125 |
• • •
117 | drie maten fluiten size 9,7 x 9,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors by commision of "Concert in Cothen" |
1997 edition 100 |
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118 | roze schelp pink shell size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1997 edition 125 |
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119 | rabarber rhubarb size 24,4 x 19,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1997 edition 100 |
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120 |
twee rode uien en een witte |
1998 edition 100 |
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121 | rode uien en glazenpot red onions and a glass jar size 19,6 x 24,5 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1998 edition 100 |
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122 | twee schelpen* two shells size 4,7 x 4,7 cm printed from 3 plates in 3 colors |
1998 edition 100 |
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123 |
druiven en radijs* |
1998 edition 100 |
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124 | drie paprika's three paprika's size 19,6 x 19,6 cm color mezzotint |
1998 edition 100 |
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Hier informatie en geschiedenis over door Joop gemaakte werken.
Wie heeft een afbeelding en, indien bekend, wat is de geschiedenis hiervan.
De eerste aanmelding is van Jan Nekkers:
Sinds een groot aantal jaren zijn mijn vrouw en ik verzamelaars van “grafiek op papier”. Via galerieën, veilingen, internetsites of rechtstreeks van de kunstenaar breiden we onze Nekkers-Kapitein-Collectie langzaam maar zeker uit. Omdat we onze verzameling graag goed en uitvoering documenteren proberen we zoveel mogelijk achtergrond informatie over hem/haar te vinden. Bijgaand een foto van de afbeelding “Beukennootje” 1983 Techniek: Ets, 30/75 (ik vermoed dat het een mezzotint is) Afmeting: 4,8 x 4,8 cm Gesig.: rechts onder in potlood, naam voluit + jaartal Links onder Titel en midden onder de oplage. (Noot webmaster: de foto is van een te slechte kwaliteit; ik heb gevraagd om een foto met een hogere resolutie)
Het werk is in bezit geweest van Kunstuitleen “De Krabbendans” uit Eindhoven met nr. A95-006 (Kunstuitleen is opgeheven in 2012). Het werk was geprijsd f. 295,00 incl. lijst.
Het werk heeft mogelijk gehangen in Singer Museum te Laren in een expositie Grafiek NU 2. Nov.-Dec. 1986. In de Leeuwarder Courant van 28-11-’86 wordt gesproken over “de pieterpeuterige beukennootjes” van Joop Vegter.
Reden waarom we werk van Joop Vegter in onze verzameling hebben opgenomen is, naast de prachtige afbeelding en hoge technische kwaliteit van het werk, het feit dat hij lid is/was van het Amersfoorts Kunstenaars genootschap De Ploegh.
Dat laatste is (één van de) criteria bij aanschaf van grafiek op papier. (we moeten tenslotte ergens een grens trekken!)
- ● ●
Paul Wetselaar:
In het verleden heb ik een kunstwerk gekocht van Joop Vergter tijdens een expositie in Leiden. Het kunstwerk heet: Kersen en Perziken uit het jaartal 1985 en vind het nog altijd prachtig.
- ● ●
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Wordt een werk van Joop Vegter te koop aangeboden of tentoongesteld in uw galerie,
stuur dan een bericht naar onderstaand emailadres
If there is an offer of a mezzatint of Joop Vegter send us a message
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Beperking/Limitation:
Paul Schütz kan zonder hierover met u te hoeven overleggen artikelen verwijderen.
At any time Paul Schütz can remove articles without arguments.
Paul Schütz heeft geen enkel commercieel belang in aankoop/verkoop van mezzatint van Joop
Paul Schütz has no commercial interest in buying/selling of mezzatint of Joop
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Paula Vegter-Kossen is 30 november 2020 overleden.
Joop Vegter is 8 september 2017 overleden.
●●●●
Elena Kornetchuk died Saturday, April 25, 2015.
She had owned the International Art Gallery in Sewickley, PA.
Elena wrote an introduction in “Mezzotint Joop Vegter”
●●●●
Enkele (39) werken van Joop zijn toegevoegd aan de collectie van het Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam
Bloeiende artisjok
Het groene glas
Ontdekking van de wereld
Achter de haag
Bootje van papier
Bloemkool
Wordt een werk van Joop Vegter te koop aangeboden of tentoongesteld in uw galerie,
stuur dan een bericht naar onderstaand emailadres
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●●●●
Nieuw:
Heeft u een werk van Joop in bezit en wilt u de geschiedenis hiervan met ons delen
stuur dan een bericht met de relevante informatie naar onderstaand emailadres
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